Chapter 1
The Manor Farm pg 1: He was rebelled against by the animals on pg 15. The Rebellion had been successfully carried through: Jones had been expelled, and the Manor Farm was theirs.
Mr. Jones - The often drunk farmer who runs the Manor Farm before the animals stage their Rebellion and establish Animal Farm. Mr. Jones is an unkind master who indulges himself while his animals lack food; he thus represents Tsar Nicholas II, whom the Russian Revolution ousted.
http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/animalfarm/characters.html
Mr. Jones
The former owner of the farm, who represents Nicholas II of Russia, the deposed Czar, who had been facing severe financial difficulties in the days leading up to the 1917 Revolution. The character is also a nod towards Louis XVI. There are several implications that he represents an autocratic but ineffective capitalist, incapable of running the farm and looking after the animals properly. Jones is a very heavy drinker and the animals revolt against him after he drinks so much that he does not feed or take care of them. The attempt by Jones and his farmhands to recapture the farm is foiled in the Battle of the Cowshed (the Russian Civil War).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_Farm
Jones
The owner of Manor Farm and a drunkard. His animals overthrow him in the Rebellion. When he tries to recapture his property, they defeat him, steal his gun, and drive him off again. Mr. Jones dies in a home for alcoholics in another part of the country. He represents the kind of corrupt and fatally flawed government that results in discontent and revolution among the populace. More specifically, Jones represents the latter days of imperial Russia and its last leader, the wealthy but ineffective Czar Nicholas II.
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Genesis 3:24 So he drove out the man; and he placed at the east of the garden of Eden Cherubim’s and a flaming sword which turned every way to keep the way of the tree of life.
Chapter Ten Jones was dead he died of inebriates [Drunken] Pg 97
Exodus 1:8 Now there arose up a new King over Egypt which knew not Joseph [The memory of Mr. Jones is long gone]
Mrs. Jones-Pg 2. Wife of Mr. Jones the Woman of the Manor Farm.
Mr. Jones Children Pg 17. Material spelling and books
Genesis 1:26 And God said Let us make man in our image, after our likeness and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the fowl of the air and over the cattle ECT.
Man failed to keep over God dominion when the first sin was committed Genesis 3:6 the first sin
Mr. Pilkington Pg 29. Was easy going gentleman farmer who spent most of his time in fishing or hunting according to season. Owner of the Run down Foxwood Farm Pg 28
Mr. Pilkington - The easygoing gentleman farmer who runs Foxwood, a neighboring farm. Mr. Frederick's bitter enemy, Mr. Pilkington represents the capitalist governments of England and the United States.
http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/animalfarm/characters.html
Mr. Pilkington
The easy-going but crafty owner of Foxwood, a neighbouring farm overgrown with weeds, as described in the book. He represents the Anglosphere, the British Empire and the United States. The card game at the very end of the novel is a metaphor for the Tehran Conference, where the parties flatter each other, all the while cheating at the game. This last scene is ironic because all the Pigs are civil and kind to the humans, defying all for which they had fought. This happened at the Tehran Conference: the Soviet Union formed an alliance with the United States and the United Kingdom, capitalist countries that the Soviet Union had fought in the early years of the revolution.[8] At the end of the game, both Napoleon and Pilkington draw the Ace of Spades and then begin fighting loudly, symbolising the beginning of tension between east and west.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_Farm
Pilkington
The owner of Foxwood, the large, unkempt farm adjacent to Manor Farm. He is an easy-going man who prefers pursuing his hobbies to maintaining his land. At the book’s end, Mr. Pilkington offers a toast to the future cooperation between human farms and Animal Farm. He also says he plans to emulate Animal Farm’s low rations and long work hours. Pilkington can be seen to represent the Allies. Allied countries explored the possibility of trade with the Soviet Union in the years leading up to World War II but kept a watchful distance. Ominously, as Friedrich Hayek points out in The Road to Serfdom (1944), communist principles had strong proponents among many Allied nations as well. Pilkington’s unwillingness to save Animal Farm from Frederick and his men parodies the Allies’ initial hesitance to enter the War. Napoleon’s and Pilkington’s poker game at the end of the book suggests the beginnings of a power struggle that would later become the Cold War.
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Mr. Federick a tough shrewd man perpetually involved in lawsuits and with a name for driving hard bargains. Pg 28 & 29
Mr. Frederick - The tough, shrewd operator of Pinchfield, a neighboring farm. Based on Adolf Hitler, the ruler of Nazi Germany in the 1930s and 1940s, Mr. Frederick proves an untrustworthy neighbor.
http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/animalfarm/characters.html
[Especially when Frederick Defrauds and fools Napoleon with forgery in currency. Pg 75
Napoleon Also refused 1st a check from Frederick because he might get a fake with insufficient funds]
Mr. Frederick
The tough owner of Pinchfield, a well-kept neighbouring farm. He represents Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party in general.[8] He buys wood from the animals for forged money and later attacks them, destroying the windmill but being finally beaten in the resulting Battle of the Windmill, which could be interpreted as either the Battle of Moscow or the Battle of Stalingrad. There are also stories of him mistreating his own animals, such as throwing dogs into a furnace, which may also represent the Nazi Party's treatment of political dissidents.[citation needed]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_Farm
Frederick
The owner of Pinchfield, the small farm adjacent to Manor Farm. He is a hard-nosed individual who is known for his frequent legal troubles and demanding business style. He cheats the animals out of their timber by paying for it with fake banknotes. Frederick represents Adolf Hitler. Rumors of the exotic and cruel animal tortures Frederick enacts on his farm are meant to echo the horror stories emerging from Nazi Germany. Frederick’s agreement to buy the timber represents the Nazi-Soviet non-aggression treaty, and his subsequent betrayal of the pact and invasion of Animal Farm represents the Nazi invasion of the Soviet Union.
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These two man disliked each other so much that it was difficult for them to come to any agreement, even in defence of their own interests. However, they were both afraid of the Animal Rebellion Pg 29. [Mr. Frederick and Pilkington]
Owner of the Pinchfield farm PG 29
Mr. Whymper Pg 50. A Solicitor living in Willingdon had agreed to act as intermediary between Animal Farm and the outside world and would visit the farm every Monday morning to receive instructions.
Napoleon enters into Contracts with the outside world through Mr. Whymper pg 51
Mr. Whymper
A man hired by Napoleon for the public relations of Animal Farm to human society. He is loosely based on Western intellectuals such as George Bernard Shaw and, especially, Lincoln Steffens, who visited the USSR in 1919.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_Farm
Mr. Whymper - The human solicitor whom Napoleon hires to represent Animal Farm in human society. Mr. Whymper's entry into the Animal Farm community initiates contact between Animal Farm and human society, alarming the common animals.
http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/animalfarm/characters.html
The Pigs
Major [Pig] PG 1. He talks about man in a negative way. He tells this [at the age 12 he was still a Majestic Pig]
Old Major - The prize-winning boar whose vision of a socialist utopia serves as the inspiration for the Rebellion. Three days after describing the vision and teaching the animals the song “Beasts of England,” Major dies, leaving Snowball and Napoleon to struggle for control of his legacy. Orwell based Major on both the German political economist Karl Marx and the Russian revolutionary leader Vladimir Ilych Lenin
http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/animalfarm/characters.html
Old Major
A prize Middle White boar, the inspiration that fuels the Rebellion in the book. According to one interpretation, he could be based upon both Karl Marx (in that he describes the ideal society the animals could create if the humans are overthrown) and Vladimir Lenin (in that his skull is put on revered public display, as was Lenin's embalmed corpse). However, according to Christopher Hitchens: "the persons of Lenin and Trotsky are combined into one [i.e., Snowball], or, it might even be [...] to say, there is no Lenin at all."[5]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_Farm
Old Major
A prize Middle White boar that the Joneses exhibited under the name “Willingdon Beauty.” He is, “stout … But still a majestic-looking pig, with a wise and benevolent appearance” (26). In addition to his laurels in the exhibition world, Major is highly respected among his fellow farm animals. His age is twelve years, which makes him a senior among them, and he also claims to have had over four hundred children. He is the one who calls the meeting in the first chapter to discuss his strange dream. Major claims to “understand the nature of life on this earth as well as any animal now living” (28). Months after his death, the pigs disinter his skull and place it at the base of the flagpole beside the gun. Major symbolizes two historical figures. First, he represents Karl Marx, the father of Marxism. Marx’s political hypotheses about working-class consciousness and division of labor worked infinitely better in theory than in practice, especially when corrupt leaders twisted them for their personal gain. Second, Major represents Vladimir Lenin, the foremost of the three authors of the Russian Revolution and the formation of the Soviet Union. Lenin died during the Soviet Union’s early years, leaving Trotsky (Snowball) and Stalin (Napoleon) to vie for his leadership position.
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Pg 4. Man is the only real enemy. [Genesis 6:6]—And it repented the LORD that he had made man on the earth, and it grieved him at his heart.
Pg 6. All men are enemies. All animals are comrades.
Pg 7. Whatever goes upon two legs is an enemy and whatever goes upon for legs or has Wings, is a friend. [Which the Sheep is brainwashed] Until Napoleon changes them to say Pg 102. Four Legs good, two legs better! Four Legs good two, legs better! Four legs good, two legs better!”
The only reason Major [Boar] is living until he dies at the age 12 he is used a stud to produce offspring’s.
Napoleon—is to Cain Genesis 4:1 who became a disgrace to God Genesis 4:5
---Just as Napoleon Sired the pig population Pg 86 Napoleon is the only Boar of on farm
Cain- Genesis 4:2 However, God respected Cain Genesis 4:4
All of his offspring’s were slaughter for human consumption.
Napoleon even wipes out the memory of Major who influenced the Rebellion Pg 107. Major’s skull is finally buried and forgotten. He was the founding father who talked of Men the enemy and father of the Rebellion
Exodus 1:8 Now there arose up a new King over Egypt which knew not Joseph [The memory of Mr. Jones is long gone]
The Pigs of the Farm----------Superior Breed over other animals the Educated Elite
Two Young Boars descendents of Major Page 11
Children of Major
Pre-eminent among the pigs were two young boars named snowball and Napoleon, whom Mr. Jones was breeding up for Sale.
Snowball—was more vivacious pig than Napoleon, quicker in speech and more inventive, but was not considered to have the same depth of character Pg 11.
Snowball - The pig who challenges Napoleon for control of Animal Farm after the Rebellion. Based on Leon Trotsky, Snowball is intelligent, passionate, eloquent, and less subtle and devious than his counterpart, Napoleon. Snowball seems to win the loyalty of the other animals and cement his power.
http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/animalfarm/characters.html
Snowball- A "young boar" who, with Napoleon and Squealer, helps to codify Old Major's ideas into the commandments of Animalism. Orwell describes him as "quicker in speech and more inventive" than Napoleon. He is the one who organizes the animals into various committees: "the Egg Production Committee for the hens, the Clean Tails League for the cows, ... the Whiter Wool Movement for the sheep", and various others. He also plans the defense of the farm against the humans which proves useful when Jones and his friends try to retake the farm. Snowball shows his expert use of military strategy during...
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Snowball
Napoleon's rival. He is probably an allusion to Leon Trotsky. He wins over most animals, but is driven out of the farm by Napoleon. Snowball genuinely works for the good of the farm and devises plans to help the animals achieve their vision of an egalitarian utopia, but Napoleon and his dogs chase him from the farm, and Napoleon spreads rumours to make him seem evil and corrupt and that he had secretly sabotaged the animals' efforts to improve the farm. In his biography of Orwell,[7] Bernard Crick suggests that Snowball was as much inspired by the Workers' Party of Marxist Unification (POUM) leader Andrés Nin as by Trotsky. Nin was a similarly adept orator and also fell victim to the Communist purges of the Left during the Spanish Civil War.[citation needed]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_Farm
Snowball
One of the leaders among the pigs, Snowball is a young pig that is up for sale. He is more intelligent than Napoleon but lacks Napoleon’s depth of character. He is also a brilliant orator. Snowball, who represents Leon Trotsky, is a progressive politician and aims to improve Animal Farm with a windmill and other technological advances, but Napoleon expels him before he can do so. In his absence, Snowball comes to represent an abstract idea of evil. The animals blame misfortunes on him, including the windmill’s destruction, and entertain the idea that he is lurking on one of the neighboring farms, plotting revenge. Napoleon uses the animals’ fear of Snowball to create new propaganda and changes history to make it seem as though Snowball was always a spy and a traitor. Snowball’s name is symbolic in this way. Napoleon encourages the animals’ fear of him to grow or snowball so that it becomes so great it is almost palpable. Snowball’s name may also refer to Trotsky’s call (following Marx) to encourage a revolution outside the Soviet Union that would “snowball” into an international proletariat revolution. Snowball can more generally be said to represent systems of belief outside of communism, which the government demonizes in order to lionize its own system.
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Able Genesis 4:2/4:4
Orwell’s model this character after Leon Trotsky[He was part of the Rebellion that over threw the government of the useless Tsar Nicholas II the Monarch of Russia October 1917. he is also the Able: Genesis 4:2 Just like Cain Slaughter Able Genesis 4:8 when Cain Slew his brother.
In 1924 Stalin has Leon Trotsky was oust like Snowball Pg 41[Page 26 Nine Puppies] At this was a terrible baying sound outside, and nine enormous dogs wearing brass-studded collars came bounding into the barn. They dashed straight for Snowball, who only sprang from his place just in time to escape their snapping Jaws.
----After he escapes from the Clutches of the Dogs he was never seen or heard from again. However, every time something goes wrong and Napoleon’s hysteria blames everything on Napoleon and even accuses the animals as spies for Snowball and has them slaughtered for no reason pg 49, 50, 51, 54, 58, 59.
Napoleon-was large rather fierce looking Berkshire boar, the only Berkshire on the farm, not much of a talker, but with a reputation for getting his own way. Pg 11.
Napoleon - The pig who emerges as the leader of Animal Farm after the Rebellion. Based on Joseph Stalin, Napoleon uses military force (his nine loyal attack dogs) to intimidate the other animals and consolidate his power. In his supreme craftiness, Napoleon proves more treacherous than his counterpart, Snowball
http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/animalfarm/characters.html
Napoleon-A "large, rather fierce-looking Berkshire boar," Napoleon becomes the leader of the animals after Snowball is chased off the farm. He, Snowball, and Squealer are the ones who organize the thoughts proclaimed by Old Major into the principles of Animalism. Soon after the revolt of the animals, Napoleon takes nine puppies from their mothers to "educate" them. The puppies end up being his personal bodyguards and secret police force. He grows increasingly removed from the other animals, dining alone and being addressed as "our Leader, Comrade Napoleon." Like Joseph Stalin, the Soviet leader...
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Napoleon
"A large, rather fierce-looking Berkshire boar, the only Berkshire on the farm, not much of a talker, but with a reputation for getting his own way",[citation needed] Napoleon is the main tyrant and villain of Animal Farm; he is based upon Joseph Stalin. He begins to gradually build up his power, using puppies he took from mother dogs Jessie and Bluebell, which he raises to be vicious dogs as his secret police. After driving Snowball off the farm, Napoleon usurps full power, using false propaganda from Squealer and threats and intimidation from the dogs to keep the other animals in line. Among other things, he gradually changes the Commandments for his benefit. By the end of the book, Napoleon and his fellow pigs have learned to walk upright and started to behave similarly to the humans against whom they originally revolted.
In the first French version of Animal Farm, Napoleon is called César, the French spelling of Caesar,[2] although another translation has him as Napoléon
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_Farm
Napoleon
One of the leaders among the pigs, Napoleon is a “large, rather fierce-looking Berkshire boar” that is up for sale. He is the only Berkshire boar on the farm. He is “not much of a talker” and has “a reputation for getting his own way” (35). Napoleon expels Snowball from the farm and takes over. He modifies his opinions and policies and rewrites history continually to benefit the pigs. Napoleon awards special privileges to the pigs and especially to himself. For example, he dines on Mr. Jones’s fine china, wears Mr. Jones’s dress clothes, and smokes a pipe. As time goes on, Napoleon becomes a figure in the shadows, increasingly secluding himself and making few public appearances. Eventually, Napoleon holds a conciliatory meeting with the neighboring human farmers and effectively takes over Mr. Jones’s position as dictator. Napoleon represents the type of dictator or tyrant who shirks the common good, instead seeking more and more power in order to create his own regime. Orwell reflects Napoleon’s greed for power with a name that invokes Napoleon Bonaparte, the very successful French leader who became “Emperor” and brashly invaded Russia before being defeated by Russia. But Napoleon the pig more directly represents Stalin in his constantly changing policies and actions, his secret activities, his intentional deception and manipulation of the populace, and his use of fear tactics and atrocities.
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Is the main dictator on the animal farm he is the son of Major. However, just like Stalin family didn’t matter to Stalin for example:
Pg 63 Napoleon stood sternly surveying his audience then he uttered a highly-pitched whimper. Immediately the dogs bounded forward, seized four pigs by the ear and dragged them, squealing with pain and terror, to Napoleon’s feet. [Since Napoleon is the only Boar he has no feelings for family just as Joseph Stalin]
Stalin’s wife [Family] She married Joseph Stalin in 1906 and gave him a son, Yakov Dzhugashvili. She died of typhus in 1907. Much of her family (including her sister Mariko and brother Alexander) would later be executed during her husband's Great Terror. Sources: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekaterina_Svanidze
Including his son Yakov Dzhugashvili.
Yakov and his father Stalin never got along. Allegedly once Stalin referred to Yakov as a "mere cobbler." He ran immediately to his bedroom. It turned out that the girl was Yakov's Jewish fiancée, and when they told Stalin of their engagement he became enraged.
Dzhugashvili served as an artillery officer in the Red Army and was captured in the early stages of the German invasion of USSR at the Battle of Smolensk. The Germans later offered to exchange Yakov for Friedrich Paulus, the German Field Marshal captured by the Soviets after the Battle of Stalingrad, but
Stalin turned the offer down, allegedly saying "I do not change the soldier for the marshal"; others credit him with saying "I have no son," to this offer.
Sources: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yakov_Dzhugashvili
Stalin would later state that other than his mother she may have been the only person he truly loved. At her funeral he told a friend that "with her died any human feeling in him."
Pg 63 & 64 Napoleon unleashed terror among the animals as he takes control of the Animal Farm.
During the late 1930s, Stalin launched the Great Purge (also known as the "Great Terror"), a campaign to purge the Communist Party of people accused of corruption or treachery; he extended it to the military and other sectors of Soviet society. Targets were often executed, imprisoned in Gulag labor camps or exiled. In the years following, millions of ethnic minorities were also deported.[3][4]
Pg 67 Napoleon Paranoid is evident Just like Stalin
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Stalin Since Napoleon is the only Boar on the Farm he is the father of the pigs it so states he sired the pig population on page 86, Napoleon was the only boar on the farm, it was possible to guess at their parentage.
Napoleon is clearly atheist he has no regards for the Lord God. At first after the Rebellion on pg 22 On Sundays there was no work.---Chapter 2
Military bully he was always referred as ‘Our Leader Comrade Napoleon,”—Father of all Animals as Abraham is referred as father of the three religions
He is widely regarded as the patriarch of
1. Christians
2. Jews
3. Islamic-Muslims
Sources: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham
Judaism, Christianity and Islam are sometimes referred to as the "Abrahamic religions"
The Beginning of Wiping out traditions by destroying the Freedoms and taking away any traces of religion.
That all changed in Chapter Five
1. Sunday-Morning Meetings would come to an end Pg 42.
2. The animals would still assemble on Sunday Mornings to salute the flag, sing Beast of England, and receive their orders for the week but there would be no more debates Pg 42.
Chapter Six
3. Sundays was now a work day Pg 46. Napoleon said this was voluntary. However, he added the animals who didn’t work would only get have the rations. So he was bullying his constituents [Comrades] into working.
Napoleon is a believer in a one party system—His word was law when he ran Snowball off Pg 42. Napoleon erases any type of republic and democracy through scared tactic’s and Squealer and the nine puppies that were taken from the mothers were brainwashed and trained by Napoleon appeared Pg 44.
Exodus 20:8-10
8 Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy.
9 Six days shalt thou labour, and do all thy work:
10 But the seventh day is the sabbath of the LORD thy God: in it thou shalt not do any work,
Chapter Seven
4. Napoleon abolishes the National Anthem Pg 67. Just Mr. Jones silence them in chapter 1 Pg 9 & 10 When Mr. Jones fires his weapon to silence the animals
Napoleon clearly breaks all Seven of the Commandments
Chapter Two Pg 18
THE SEVEN COMMANDMENTS
1. Whatever goes upon two legs is an enemy
Changed pg 101 when the pigs are now walking on their hind legs. Squealer trained the gullibly Sheep from Saying this: Pg 102 Four Legs good, Two Legs Better! Four legs good, two legs better! Ect
When Major clearly stated this pg 7 Whatever goes up TWO LEGS is an ENEMY All habits of men are evil. [Napoleon against his father] proves the words of Major Two Legs is an Enemy.
Exodus 20:3 Thou shalt have no other gods before me. [Major declares himself god like]
2. Whatever goes upon four legs, or has wings is friend
Exodus 20: 16
16 Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour.
Pg 102 Two Legs are better! That Squealer had the sheep proclaim
Pg 64, 66 & 67 When Napoleon paranoid minds gets to him. False confessions are made especially
Pg 64 The four pigs waited trembling with guilt written on every line of their countenances. Napoleon now called upon them to confess their crimes.
Napoleon had the dogs kill them [Which breaks Commandment 6]
3. No Animal Shall Wear Clothes.
Genesis 2:25
25 And they were both naked, the man and his wife, and were not ashamed.
Pg 15 Snowball—Ribbons he should be considered as clothes, which are the mark of a human being. All animals should no naked.
Genesis 3:7
7 And the eyes of them both were opened, and they knew that they were naked; and they sewed fig leaves together, and made themselves aprons.
Pg 103. The pigs violate Commandment #3 Napoleon was seen strolling in the farmhouse garden with a pipe in his mouth—no, not even when the pigs took Mr. Jones clothes out of the wardrobes and put them on.
Chapter 10 Pg 97 Described as a mature bore of twenty-four Stone.
One other thing just as Napoleon blames every failed problem was blamed on Snowball who was clearly out of the picture. Just a Cain lied to God about his brother Genesis 4:5 why am I brother’s Keeper?
4. No animal Shall Sleep in a bed
Muriel
However, she adds to Commandments for example: [only memorization]
Pg 18. 4. No animal shall sleep in a bed. She justifies why the pigs sleep in the bed by stating the Commandment as this;
Pg 52. Muriel She said [gravely] Thesaurus [badly] now read me the Fourth Commandment does it not say something about never sleeping in a bed?
With Some difficulty Muriel spelt out.
‘It says, “No animal shall sleep in a bed with Sheets,” ‘she announced finally!
This moment please Squealer because Muriel placed this matter in its proper perspective right into Napoleon’s hands.
5. No animal Shall drink Alcohol
Pg 83 They thought the fifth Commandment was No Animal shall drink alcohol,’ but there were two words that they had forgotten. Actually the Commandment read: No animal shall drinl alcohol to excess.’
Again with Muriel bad memorization she added the excess She told them they had remembered this one as wrong too.
Squealer Pg 12 He is Napoleon right hand pig. He is shrewd
6. No animal shall kill any other animal
Exodus 20:13
13 Thou shalt not kill.
Since Napoleon is clearly an atheist violates this law with is paranoid of being overthrown by his constituents He starts to execute Pg 64 & 65 The three hens who had been the ring leaders in the attempted rebellion over the eggs now came forward and stated that Snowball had appeared to them in a dream and incited them to disobey Napoleon’s orders. They, too, were slaughtered.
Part of Commandment 2 or has wings, is a friend [Fowl] Slaughtered by Napoleon.
7. All animals are equal
Pg 103. For once Benjamin consented to break his rule, and he read out to her what was written on the wall. There was nothing there now except a single Commandment. It ran:
ALL ANIMALS ARE EQUAL
BUT SOME ANiMALS ARE MORE EQUAL THAN OTHERS
Meaning the Pigs are the Elite.
As Benjamin clearly read the Commandment, and only one appears.
Napoleon clearly to over the Animal Farm. He also didn’t appreciate the title Animal Farm. He reinstated the former name THE MANOR FARM pg 107.
Squealer Pg 12: He could turn black and white. He was sly, shrewd, liar and forceful. He was Napoleon’s spokes pig. [Right] Was a small Fat pig with very round cheeks, with twinkling eyes, nimble movements, and a shrill voice. He was a brilliant talker, and when he was arguing some difficult point he had a way of skipping from side to side and whisking his tail which somehow very persuasive. The others said of Squealer that he could turn black into white. Pg 12
Squealer - The pig who spreads Napoleon's propaganda among the other animals. Squealer justifies the pigs' monopolization of resources and spreads false statistics pointing to the farm's success. Orwell uses Squealer to explore the ways in which those in power often use rhetoric and language to twist the truth and gain and maintain social and political control.
http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/animalfarm/characters.html
Squealer
A small fat porker who serves as Napoleon's right hand pig and minister of propaganda. Inspired by Vyacheslav Molotov and the Soviet paper Pravda,[citation needed]. Squealer manipulates the language to excuse, justify, and extol all of Napoleon's actions. He represents all the propaganda Stalin used to justify his own terrible acts. In all of his work, George Orwell made it a point to show how politicians used language to suit their interests. Squealer limits debate by complicating it and he confuses and disorients, making claims that the pigs need the extra luxury they are taking in order to function properly, for example. However, when questions persist, he usually uses the threat of the return of Mr Jones, the former owner of the farm, to justify the pigs' privileges. Squealer uses statistics to convince the animals that life is getting better and better. Most of the animals have only dim memories of life before the revolution; therefore, they are convinced.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_Farm
Squealer-"A small, fat pig" known for being a smooth talker, Squealer reportedly "could turn black into white." He is the propaganda chief for the pigs, the equivalent of the Soviet party newspaper Pravda (which means "Truth" in Russian) in Orwell's allegory. Squealer has an explanation for everything, including why the pigs need to drink the milk the cows produce, why the commandments of Animalism seem different, and why the "ambulance" called to take Boxer to the hospital has a sign for a horse slaughterer on its side. By the story's end, he is so fat that his eyes are mere slits. Always...
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Squealer
The best known of the porker pigs, Squealer has “very round cheeks, twinkling eyes, nimble movements, and a shrill voice.” He is also “a brilliant talker” who is talented in the art of argument. The other pigs say Squealer “could turn black into white” (35). Under Napoleon’s rule, Squealer acts as the liaison to the other animals. He lies to them, rewriting history and reading them encouraging, but false, statistics. Squealer is especially good at playing on the animals’ ignorance and gullibility. He represents the propaganda machine of a totalitarian government.
http://www.gradesaver.com/animal-farm/study-guide/character-list/
He emphasized that Pg 43 Bravery is not enough and Loyalty and obedience are more important
These three had elaborated Old Major’s teachings into a complete system of thought, to which they gave the name of Animalism= Communism
Pg 17 The pigs now revealed that during the past three months they had taught themselves to read and write from old spelling book which belong to Mr. Jones Children.
Animalism- animalism - preoccupation with satisfaction of physical drives and appetites
Source: http://www.thefreedictionary.com/animalism
Napoleon is hungry for power pg 45 when Squealer explains his position Squealer, was something called tactics. He repeated a number of times. “Tactic, comrades, tactics! Skippinground and whisking his tail with a merry laugh. The animals were not certain what the word meant, but Squealer spoke so persuasively, and the three dogs whom happened to be with him growled so threateningly, that they accepted his explanation without further question.
Squealer threaten the animals with the use of Force. There was no back talk.
Chapter Ten Pg 97 Squealer was so fat that he could with difficulty see out of his eyes.
Sources:
https://sacred-texts.com/bib/kjv/index.htm
Minimus Pg 44[Pig] who had a remarkable gift for composing songs and poems, sat on the front of the raised platform, with the nine young dogs forming a semicircle round them, and the other pigs sitting behind.
Minimus - The poet pig who writes verse about Napoleon and pens the banal patriotic song “Animal Farm, Animal Farm” to replace the earlier idealistic hymn “Beasts of England,” which Old Major passes on to the others.
http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/animalfarm/characters.html
Minimus
A poetic pig who writes the second and third national anthems of Animal Farm after the singing of "Beasts of England" is banned. He represents admirers of Stalin both inside and outside the USSR such as Maxim Gorky. As Minimus composed the replacement of "Beasts of England", he may equate to the three main composers of the National Anthem of the Soviet Union which replaced The Internationale – Gabriel El-Registan, Alexander Vasilyevich Alexandrov and Sergey Mikhalkov.[citation
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_Farm
Minimus
A pig with “a remarkable gift for composing songs and poems.” Under Napoleon’s rule, Minimus sits with him and Squealer on the barn platform during meetings. Minimus composes propaganda songs and poems under Napoleon’s rule. Though we never hear Minimus complain about his duties as propaganda writer, he represents the Soviet Union’s artists, who were forced to use their talents to glorify communism rather than express their personal feelings or beliefs.
http://www.gradesaver.com/animal-farm/study-guide/character-list/
Pg 71 The General Feeling on the Farm was well expressed in a poem titled ‘Comrade Napoleon’, which was composed by Minimus
Pg 72. Also a Portrait of Napoleon—Worshiping a False God
Exodus 20:3-4
3 Thou shalt have no other gods before me.
4 Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of anything that is in above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth.
Pinked Eyed Pg 72 Napoleon’s food taster.
Fresh precautions for Napoleon’s safety were taken. Four dogs guarded his bed at night , one at each corner, and a young Pig named Pink eye was given the task of tasting all his food before he ate it, lest it should be poisoned.
Pinkeye
A minor pig who is mentioned only once; he is the pig that tastes Napoleon's food to make sure it is not poisoned, in response to rumours about an assassination attempt on Napoleon.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_Farm
Pinkeye
A pig that Napoleon enlists as his taster, lest someone try to poison him.
http://www.gradesaver.com/animal-farm/study-guide/character-list/
Minimus Pg 44[Pig] who had a remarkable gift for composing songs and poems, sat on the front of the raised platform, with the nine young dogs forming a semicircle round them, and the other pigs sitting behind.
Minimus - The poet pig who writes verse about Napoleon and pens the banal patriotic song “Animal Farm, Animal Farm” to replace the earlier idealistic hymn “Beasts of England,” which Old Major passes on to the others.
http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/animalfarm/characters.html
Minimus
A poetic pig who writes the second and third national anthems of Animal Farm after the singing of "Beasts of England" is banned. He represents admirers of Stalin both inside and outside the USSR such as Maxim Gorky. As Minimus composed the replacement of "Beasts of England", he may equate to the three main composers of the National Anthem of the Soviet Union which replaced The Internationale – Gabriel El-Registan, Alexander Vasilyevich Alexandrov and Sergey Mikhalkov.[citation
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_Farm
Minimus
A pig with “a remarkable gift for composing songs and poems.” Under Napoleon’s rule, Minimus sits with him and Squealer on the barn platform during meetings. Minimus composes propaganda songs and poems under Napoleon’s rule. Though we never hear Minimus complain about his duties as propaganda writer, he represents the Soviet Union’s artists, who were forced to use their talents to glorify communism rather than express their personal feelings or beliefs.
http://www.gradesaver.com/animal-farm/study-guide/character-list/
Pg 71 The General Feeling on the Farm was well expressed in a poem titled ‘Comrade Napoleon’, which was composed by Minimus
Pg 72. Also a Portrait of Napoleon—Worshiping a False God
Exodus 20:3-4
3 Thou shalt have no other gods before me.
4 Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of anything that is in above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth.
The Piglets
Hinted to be the children of Napoleon (albeit not truly noted in the novel) and are the first generation of animals actually subjugated to his idea of animal inequality. Is also interpreted as the generation raised in Lenin's cult of personality.
The Rebel Pigs
Four pigs who complain about Napoleon's takeover of the farm but are quickly silenced and later executed. This is based on the Great Purge during Stalin's regime
Chapter 6 Page 49
. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_Farm
There are four main equine (horse and donkey) characters: Clover, Boxer, Benjamin, and Mollie.
Boxer-who was a male PG 2
1. Was enormous beast nearly eighteen hands high, Pg 2
2. Somewhat stupid appearance with a white strip down his nose Pg 2.
3. Not of First rate intelligence—Example Pg 24 could not get beyond the letter D. He would only trace out A. B. C. D. Pg 25. On several Occasions he did learn E. F. G. H and then to discover he forgotten A. B. C. D. Finally he was content with the first four letters.
His failure to read cost him his life and he was trusting of his government Pg 93-95 when he was sent to the Knackery [Butcher to become dog food]
4. He was universally respected for his steadiness of Character and tremendous work.
5. More on Boxer Pg 21 was the admiration of everybody. He had been a hard worker even in Jones’s time, Napoleon leaned hard on him.
Boxer-Character is a reminder of Sampson Judges: 13:24 birth of Sampson [Strength]; when his strength was gone Boxer was put to Death. As Sampson loses his strength he was enslaved and lost his site by the Philistines Judges 16:21
Boxer - The cart-horse whose incredible strength, dedication, and loyalty play a key role in the early prosperity of Animal Farm and the later completion of the windmill. Quick to help but rather slow-witted, Boxer shows much devotion to Animal Farm's ideals but little ability to think about them independently. He naively trusts the pigs to make all his decisions for him. His two mottoes are “I will work harder” and “Napoleon is always right.”
http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/animalfarm/characters.html
Boxer
One of the main characters, he is the symbol of the working class, or proletariat: loyal, kind, dedicated, respectful and physically the strongest animal on the farm, but naïve and slow. His ignorance and blind trust towards his leaders leads to his death and their profit. In particular, his heroic physical work represents the Stakhanovite movement. His maxim of "I will work harder" is reminiscent of Jurgis Rudkus from the Upton Sinclair novel The Jungle. His second maxim, "Napoleon is always right" is an example of the propaganda used by Squealer to control the animals. It was not adopted until later in the book. Boxer's work ethic is often praised by the pigs, and he is set as a prime example to the other animals. When Boxer is injured, and can no longer work, Napoleon sends him off to the knacker's yard and deceives the other animals, saying that Boxer died peacefully in the hospital and that the ambulance was an old knacker's van that hadn't been repainted. When the animals cannot work, Napoleon tosses them aside, for they mean nothing to him and Napoleon was not just done with Boxer because he could not work. He was also afraid of Boxer. Boxer had the strength and leadership to overthrow Napoleon. Napoleon saw that Boxer would never do this because he was too loyal.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_Farm
Boxer
The male of the two horses on the farm. He is “an enormous beast, nearly eighteen hands high, and as strong as any two ordinary horses put together. A white stripe down his nose gave him a somewhat stupid appearance, and in fact he was not of first-rate intelligence, but he was universally respected for his steadiness of character and tremendous powers of work” (26). Boxer has a special affinity for Benjamin. With his determination to be a good public servant and his penchant for hard work, Boxer becomes Napoleon’s greatest supporter. He works tirelessly for the cause of Animal Farm, operating under his personal maxims, “I will work harder” and “Napoleon is always right.” The only time Boxer doubts propaganda is when Squealer tries to rewrite the story of Snowball’s valor at the Battle of the Cowshed, a “treachery” for which he is nearly executed. But Boxer recants his doubts when he learns that the altered story of the battle is directly from Napoleon. After Boxer is injured while defending the farm in the Battle of the Windmill, Napoleon sends him to be slaughtered for profit. The pigs use the money from the slaughter to buy themselves a case of whisky. Boxer is not pugnacious despite his name, but he is as strong as his name implies. In this way, Boxer is a painfully ironic character. He is strong enough to kill another animal, even a human, with a single blow from his hoof, and the dogs cannot manage to overpower him in Chapter VII. Still, Boxer lacks the intelligence and the nerve to sense that he is being used. Boxer represents the peasant or working class, a faction of humanity with a great combined strength--enough to overthrow a manipulative government--but which is uneducated enough to take propaganda to heart and believe unconditionally in the government’s cause.
http://www.gradesaver.com/animal-farm/study-guide/character-list/
Chapter Nine Boxer is Slaughter Pg 94 & 95 he was no longer useful to Napoleon, he no longer had the strengthen and he was considered a waste
Chapter Ten Forgotten Pg 97. [Part of the Rebellion] long dead Exodus 1:8 Now there arose up a new King over Egypt which knew not Joseph [The memory of Mr. Jones is long gone]
Clover pg 2 was stout motherly mare approaching middle life, which had never quite got her figure back after her fourth foal. [Mare]
Clover - A good-hearted female cart-horse and Boxer's close friend. Clover often suspects the pigs of violating one or another of the Seven Commandments, but she repeatedly blames herself for misremembering the commandments.
http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/animalfarm/characters.html
Clover
Boxer's companion, who is also a draught horse. She helps and cares for Boxer when he splits his hoof. She blames herself for forgetting the original Seven Commandments when Squealer had actually revised them. Clover is compassionate, as is shown when she protects the baby ducklings during Major's speech. She is also upset when animals are executed by the dogs, and is held in great respect by the three younger horses who ultimately replace Boxer. Beyond being the matriarch it is hard to find a political role for her in the novel.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_Farm
Pg 24 Clover learnt the whole Alphabet but could not put words together
Chapter Ten Pg 97 She is old and remembers the rebellion against man; deep in heart she is heartbroken due to Napoleon’s controlling ways.
Just as God I Samuel 15:35: Lord repented that he had made Saul King over Israel. [God was sorry he made Saul King of his people because he turned out evil just as Napoleon did to the animals on the farm]
http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/animalfarm/characters.html
BenjaminBenjamin, a donkey, is "the oldest animal on the farm, and the worst tempered." He is a sad cynic who believes that whatever the animals do, conditions on the farm will remain equally as bad. Although he usually refuses to read, he is the one who reads the side of the truck that comes to take Boxer away and realizes it belongs to the horse slaughterer. Benjamin is moved to action, but he is too late to save his friend. Benjamin represents the cynical intellectual who refuses to get involved in politics and so fails to affect meaningful change. His cymcism is much...
http://www.enotes.com/animal/other-characters
Benjamin
A wise old donkey who shows little emotion and is one of the longest-lived animals; he is still alive at the end of the book. The animals often ask him about his lack of expression but he always answers with: 'Donkeys live a long time. None of you have ever seen a dead donkey.' Benjamin can also read as well as any pig, but rarely displays his ability. He is a dedicated friend to Boxer and is very upset when Boxer is taken away. Benjamin has known about the pigs' wrongdoing the entire time, but he says nothing to the other animals. He represents the cynics in society. Another possibility is that Benjamin is an allegory for intellectuals who have the wisdom to stay clear of the purges, but take no action themselves, such as pacifists, whose attitude Orwell firmly disliked. Yet another possibility is that Benjamin is Orwell himself.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_Farm
Benjamin
The donkey. He is the oldest animal on the farm and stereotypically stubborn and crotchety. He is also intelligent, being the only animal (aside from the pigs) that can read fluently. He never laughs, preferring to make cynical comments, especially the cryptic line, “donkeys live a long time.” Despite Benjamin’s unfriendly nature, he has a special affinity for Boxer. The Rebellion does not change Benjamin’s personality, although he eventually helps the animals read the lettering on the side of the van and the maxim that replaces the Seven Commandments. Benjamin represents the human (and also stereotypically Russian) tendency towards apathy; he holds fast to the idea that life is inherently hard and that efforts for change are futile. Benjamin bears a similarity to Orwell himself. Over the course of his career, Orwell became politically pessimistic and predicted the overtake of the West by totalitarian governments.
http://www.gradesaver.com/animal-farm/study-guide/character-list/
Pg 22 [Example of Cynical remark] Donkeys live a long time. None of you has ever seen a dead donkey. And the others had to be content with is cryptic answer.
Pg 24 Benjamin could read as well as any pig, but never exercised his faculty. So far as he knew , he said there was nothing worth reading
Pg 103 For once Benjamin consented to break his rule, and he read out to her what was written on the wall. There was nothing there now except a single Commandment. It ran:
ALL ANIMALS ARE EQUAL
BUT SOME ANUMALS ARE MORE EQUAL THAN OTHERS
Meaning the Pigs are the Elite.
Benjamin becomes alive when he realizes he is losing his friend Boxer the Knackery Pg 92 & Pg 93
When Napoleon send him to his demise.
Chapter Ten Pg 97
Only Benjamin was much the same only a little more, greyer about the muzzle and since Boxer’s death, more morose [Miserable] and taciturn [Distant] than ever.
Mollie white Mare Pg 3. At least moment Mollie the foolish pretty white mare that drew Mr. Jones Trap. However, Mollie leaves in Chapter 5. She returns to man for the kinds that were bestowed to her. She escapes Napoleon’s wickedness. Pg 36.
http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/animalfarm/characters.html
Mollie
A self-centred and vain white mare who likes wearing ribbons in her mane, eating sugar cubes (which represent luxury) and being pampered and groomed by humans. She represents upper-class people, the bourgeoisie and nobility who fled to the West after the Russian Revolution and effectively dominated the Russian diaspora. Accordingly, she quickly leaves for another farm and is only once mentioned again.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_Farm
Mollie-Three days later Mollie disappeared. For some weeks nothing was known of her whereabouts, then the pigeons reported that they had seen her on the other side of the Willingdon. She was between the shafts of a smart dog cart red and black,which standing outside a public house. A fat red faced in check breeches and gaiters, who looked like a publican, was stroking her nose and feeding her sugar. Her coat was newly clipped and she wore a scarlet ribbon round her forelock. She appeared to be enjoying herself, so the pigeons said. NONE of the animals ever mentioned Mollie again Pg 36.
Mollie
The white mare that draws Mr. Jones’s trap. Her personality is superficial and adolescent. For example, when she arrives at the big meeting in Chapter 1, Orwell writes, “Mollie … Came mincing daintily in, chewing a lump of sugar. She took a place near the front and began flirting her white mane, hoping to draw attention to the red ribbons it was plaited with” (27). Mollie is the only animal not to fight in the Battle of the Cowshed, instead hiding in her stall. She eventually flees the farm and is last seen, bedecked in ribbons, eating sugar and letting her new owner stroke her nose. Mollie represents the class of nobles who, unwilling to conform to the new regime, fled Russia after the Revolution.
http://www.gradesaver.com/animal-farm/study-guide/character-list/
DOGS
Blue Bell PG 2
Jessie PG 2
However, Napoleon takes way Blue Bell and Jessie’s babies from their mothers and he educates them while they are young for evil purpose. PG 26 [Nine young puppies]
Jessie and Bluebell - Two dogs, each of whom gives birth early in the novel. Napoleon takes the puppies in order to “educate” them.
http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/animalfarm/characters.html
Pg 41. Nine younger sturdy dogs were Napoleon’s body guards. They chase off the first off Napoleon’s annoyance Snowball.
Just; as Joseph Stalin did to Leon Trotsky in 1924 after Lenin’s death. Stalin orchestrated an alliance against Trotsky that included himself. This way Stalin had become the unquestioned dictator of the Soviet Union. He had Trotsky expelled just as Napoleon had Snowball expelled from the Animal Farm
Pincher PG 2—dog [Father of nine puppies]
Nine Puppies Pg 26 Napoleon takes the puppies away from their mothers to retrain and educate them. They reappear in Pg 41 Napoleon’s body Guards and his protectors.
Chapter Ten Bluebell, Jessie and Pincher were dead Pg 97. Exodus 1:8 Now there arose up a new King over Egypt which knew not Joseph [The memory of Mr. Jones is long gone]
The Puppies PG 26 Reappear PG 41-The Puppies
Offspring of Jessie and Bluebell, raised by Napoleon to be his security force, and may be reference to the fact that Stalin's rise to power was helped by his appointment as General Secretary of the Communist Party by Lenin in 1922, in which role he used his powers of appointment, promotion and demotion to quietly pack the party with his own supporters. The puppies represent Stalin's secret police or the KGB.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_Farm
the Dogs
Nine puppies, which Napoleon confiscates and secludes in a loft. Napoleon rears them into fierce, elitist dogs that act as his security guards. The dogs are the only animals other than the pigs that are given special privileges. They also act as executioners, tearing out the throats of animals that confess to treachery. The dogs represent the NKVD and more specifically the KGB, agencies Joseph Stalin fostered and used to terrorize and commit atrocities upon the Soviet Union’s populace.
http://www.gradesaver.com/animal-farm/study-guide/character-list/
Bluebell, Jessie, and Pincher
The dogs. When Bluebell and Jessie give birth to puppies, Snowball confiscates them and secludes them in a loft, where he transforms them into fierce, elitist guard dogs.
http://www.gradesaver.com/animal-farm/study-guide/character-list/
Muriel - The white goat who reads the Seven Commandments to Clover whenever Clover suspects the pigs of violating their prohibitions.
http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/animalfarm/characters.html
A wise old goat who is friends with all of the animals on the farm. She, like Benjamin and Snowball, is one of the few animals on the farm who can read (with some difficulty, she has to spell the words out first) and helps Clover discover that the Seven Commandments have been continually changed. She possibly represents the same category as Benjamin, though she dies near the end of the book from old age.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_Farm
Muriel
The white goat. Muriel can read fairly well and helps Clover decipher the alterations to the Seven Commandments. Muriel is not opinionated, but she represents a subtle, revelatory influence because of her willingness to help bring things to light (as opposed to Benjamin).
http://www.gradesaver.com/animal-farm/study-guide/character-list/
Pg 19. To learn the Commandments by heart
However, she adds to Commandments for example: [only memorization]
Pg 18. 4. No animal shall sleep in a bed. She justifies why the pigs sleep in the bed by stating the Commandment as this;
Pg 52. Muriel She said [gravely] Thesaurus [badly] now read me the Fourth Commandment does it not say something about never sleeping in a bed?
With Some difficulty Muriel spelt out.
‘It says, “No animal shall sleep in a bed with Sheets,” ‘she announced finally!
This moment please Squealer because Muriel placed this matter in its proper perspective right into Napoleon’s hands.
However; the one time Muriel had it right Pg 92 & 93 Spelled in silence the deadly word Knacker
Chapter Ten Muriel was Dead Pg 97
Exodus 1:8 Now there arose up a new King over Egypt which knew not Joseph [The memory of Mr. Jones is long gone]
A tame raven that is Mr. Jones’s “especial pet.” He is a spy, a gossip, and a “clever talker” (37). He is also the only animal not present for Old Major’s meeting. Moses gets in the way of the pigs’ efforts to spread Animalism by inventing a story about an animal heaven called Sugarcandy Mountain. Moses disappears for several years during Napoleon’s rule. When he returns, he still insists on the existence of Sugarcandy Mountain. Moses represents religion, which gives people hope of a better life in heaven. His name connects him to the Judeo-Christian religions specifically, but he can be said to represent the spiritual alternative in general. The pigs dislike Moses’s stories of Sugarcandy Mountain, just as the Soviet government opposed religion, not wanting its people to subscribe to a system of belief outside of communism. Though the Soviet government suppressed religion aggressively, the pigs on Animal Farm let Moses come and go as he pleases and even give him a ration of beer when he returns from his long absence.
http://www.gradesaver.com/animal-farm/study-guide/character-list/
The animals [Napoleon] did not trust the Raven. Just as Noah didn’t trust the Raven because it failed to return and that is why Noah sent the Dove Genesis 8:8
Also the animals hated Moses Pg 13 He told tales and did no work:
I say this in the end the Animal admired the Moses because he was free of Napoleon because he had the wings of flight to escape Napoleon Rules.
Examples of Mistrust Pg 13 Moses who was Mr. Jones’s especial pet, was a spy and a tale-bearer but he was also clever talker.
Chapter 9 Pg 89 Moses the Raven suddenly reappeared on the farm after an absence of several years.
Moses Chapter Ten Pg 97 Remembers the Rebellion against Mr. Jones
Pigeons—Messengers /Spy for Napoleon Pg 28 sent out flights of pigeons whose instructions were to mingle with the animals on neighboring farms, tell them the story of the REBELLION
Black Minorca Chicken [Hens]- Baby: top of the head and back is black. Wing tips, chest and abdomen are white. Mature: white skin. Plumage is all black. Comb bright red, white earlobes, shanks and toes dark slate. Lays a white egg. Weight: Female 4.5 lbs. Male 5.5 lbs. Pg 58
For the first time since the expulsion of Jones there was something resembling a rebellion. Led by three young Black Minorca pullets, the hens made a determined effort to thwart Napoleon’s wishes. Their method was to fly up to the rafters and there lay their eggs, which smashed to pieces on the floor. Pg. 59
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_Farm
Sheep—Napoleon successful in controlling the sheep pg 37 Four Leg Good! Two Leg Bad. gullible Pg 102 Four Legs good. Two Legs are Better!
The Sheep
Represent the mass proletariat, manipulated to support Napoleon in spite of his treachery. They show limited understanding of the situations but support him anyway, and regularly chant "Four legs good, Two legs bad". At the end of the novel, one of the Seven Commandments is changed after the pigs learn to walk on two legs, so they shout "Four legs good, two legs better". They can be relied on by the pigs to shout down any dissent from others.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_Farm
the Sheep
The sheep are loyal to the tenets of Animal Farm, often breaking into a chorus of “Four legs good, two legs bad” and later, “Four legs good, two legs better!” The Sheep--true to the typical symbolic meaning of “sheep”--represent those people who have little understanding of their situation and thus are willing to follow their government blindly.
http://www.gradesaver.com/animal-farm/study-guide/character-list/
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Three Cows start the rebellion pg 14. Battle of Cowshed
The vote was taken at once, and it was agreed by an overwhelming majority that rats were comrades.
The Rats
May[weasel words] represent some of the nomadic people in the far north of the USSR.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_Farm
Genesis 6:20: every creeping thing of the earth after his kind.
There were only four dissentients, the three dogs and cat, which were afterwards discovered to have voted both sides.
Dissenting from the opinion of the majority [Often used in American Law]
Character List
http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/animalfarm/characters.html
Symbols
http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/animalfarm/themes.html
Vocabulary Words
https://secure.layingthefoundation.org/english/vocab/novels/Animal%20Farm.pdf
Animal Farm Study guides
http://us.penguingroup.com/static/pdf/teachersguides/animalfarm.pdf
Character list
http://us.penguingroup.com/static/pdf/teachersguides/animalfarm.pdf
http://www.gradesaver.com/animal-farm/study-guide/quiz2/
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